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Neodymium doped Gadolinium Vanadate (Nd:GdVO4) is a promising material for diode pumped laser. Similar to Nd:YVO4 crystal, Nd:GdVO4 crystal also exhibits high gain, low threshold, and high absorption coefficients at pumping wavelengths, which result from the excellent fit of the neodymium dopant in the crystal lattice. Comparing to Nd:YVO4, Nd:GdVO4 laser crystal has additional advantage of much higher thermal conductivity.
Crystal Structure: Zircon Tetragonal, space group: D4h, a=b=7.21, c=6.35
Melting Point: 1780 °C
Density: 5.47g/cm³
Mohs Hardness: Glass-like, ~ 5
Thermal Expansion Coefficient: αa=1.5x10E-6/K, αc=7.3x10E-6/K
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient: 11.7 W/m/K <110>
Peak Absorption Wavelength: 808.5 nm
Lasing Wavelength: 912.6 nm, 1063.1 nm, 1341.3 nm
Crystal Class: positive uniaxial, no=na=nb ne=nc
no=1.9854, ne=2.1981 @ 1064nm
no=2.038184, ne=2.292962 @ 532nm
no=1.9977322, ne=2.219864 @ 808nm
Thermal Optical Coefficient: dn/dT=4.7x10E-6/K
Stimulated Emission Cross-Section: 7.60x10E-19 /cm² @1064nm
Fluorescent Lifetime: 95 ms (1 atm% Nd doped) @ 808nm
Loss Coefficient: 0.003 /cm @ 1064nm
Absorption Coefficient: 74 /cm @ 808nm (1.2%)
Absorption Length: 0.32 mm @ 808 nm
Intrinsic Loss: Less 0.1% /cm @1064 nm
Linewidth: 0.6nm
Polarized Laser Emission: π parallel to c-axis
Diode Pumped Optical to Optical Efficiency: > 60%
Sellmeier Equation (for pure GdVO4 crystals):
Ne² = 4.734369 + 0.1216149 /(λ² - 0.0523664) - 0.013927λ²
No² =3.8987165 +0.05990622 /(λ² -0.0514395) -0.011319λ²
1) Orientation: a-cut crystalline direction(+/-0.5deg.)
2) Dimensional tolerance: +/-0.1mm or +/-0.005mm
3) Wavefront Distortion: λ/8@633nm
4) Surface quality: better than 20/10 Scratch-Dig
5) Parallelism: 10 arc seconds
6) Perpendicularity: 5 arc minutes
7) Surface flatness: λ/10 at 632.8nm
8) Clear aperture: Central 95%
9) Chamfer: 0.15mm @45°
10) Damage threshold: over 15J/cm² ( without coating), over 700 MW/cm² (with coating)
11)Coating:
AR@1063nm, R < 0.1% & HT@808nm, T>95%
HR@1063nm, R>99.8% & HT@808nm, T>95%
HR@1063nm, R>99.8% & HR@532nm, R>99% & HT@808nm T>95%
Nd dopant concentration: 0.2-3.0 atm%
Material | Nd:GdVO4 1.2 atm% | Nd:YVO4 1.0 atm% |
Fluorescence Lifetime | 95 ms | 100 ms |
Stimulated emission cross section | 7.6x10E-19 /cm² | 5.6x10E-19 /cm²(p-pol) |
Absorption coefficient | 78 /cm | 31.2 /cm |
Absorption Length | 0.18 mm | 0.32 mm |
Threshold power | 70 mW | 78 mW |
Conversion efficiency | 50% | 48.6% |
Thermal conductivity coefficient | 11.7 W/m.k | 5.10 W/m.k |
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